“The Treaty of Versailles was a fair and reasonable treaty.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?(Specimen Paper)
Vocab
Otto von Bismarck
Helpful Resources
Primary - Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, 8 January, 1918, The Avalon Project
Primary - Library of Congress, Treaty of Versailles: Primary Documents in American History
Blatt, Joel, France and Italy at the Paris Peace Conference The International History Review, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Feb., 1986), pp. 27-40
Boemeke Manfred F Gerald D Feldman and Gläser Elisabeth, The Treaty of Versailles : A Reassessment After 75 Years., Cambridge University Press, 1998
Dockrill ,Michael & John Fisher, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919: Peace without Victory? Palgrave Macmillan UK, Year: 2001
Feldman, Gerald, The Great Disorder: Politics, Economics, and Society in the German Inflation, 1914-1924, Oxford University Press, 1993
Gelfand, Lawrence, Herbert Hoover--the Great War and its aftermath, 1914-23, University of Iowa Press, 1979
Gerwarth, Robert, Paris Peace Treaties failed to create a secure, peaceful and lasting world order, Irish Times, 2019
Goldstein, Erik, The First World War Peace Settlements, 1919-1925, Routledge, 2013
Helmreich, Paul, From Paris to Sèvres: the Partition of the Ottoman Empire at the Peace Conference of 1919-1920, Ohio State University Press, 1974
Ikenberry, John, Knock, Thomas, Slaughter, Anne-Marie, & Smith, Tony, The Crisis of American Foreign Policy: Wilsonianism in the Twenty-first Century, 2008
Kennan, George, "The War to End War," published in the NewYork Times, Nov. 11, 1984,
Keynes, John, The Economic Consequences of Peace, Harcourt, Brace and Howe, 1920
Knock, Thomas, To End All Wars, New Edition: Woodrow Wilson And The Quest For A New World Order, Princeton University Press, 2019
Lentin , Antony, Lloyd George and the Lost Peace: From Versailles to Hitler, 1919—1940, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001
MacMillan, Margaret, Six months that changed the world : the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Recorded Books, 2009
Marks, Sally. The Myths of Reparations, Central European History, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Sep., 1978), pp. 231-255
Marks, Sally, The Illusion of Peace: International Relations in Europe 1918–1933, Macmillan Education UK, 2003
Mayer, Arno, Policy and Diplomacy of Peacemaking: Containment and Counterrevolution at Versailles, 1918-1919, Knopf, 1968
Reynolds, David, Did the end of the Great War come too soon? The New Statemen, 2018
Schmitt, Bernadotte, The Peace Treaties of 1919-1920 Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society , Feb. 15, 1960, Vol. 104, No. 1 (Feb. 15, 1960), pp. 101-110
Sharp, Alan, The Consequences of the Peace: The Versailles Settlement: Aftermath and Legacy 1919-2015, Haus Publishing, 2015
Smith, Leonard, Sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Oxford University Press, 2018
Schuker, Stephen, The End of French Predominance in Europe: The Financial Crisis of 1924 and the Adoption of the Dawes Plan, University of North Carolina Press, 1976.
Stevenson, David, The First World War and International Politics, Oxford University Press, 1988
Stevenson, David, With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, Harvard University Press, 2011
Tillman, Seth, Anglo-American Relations at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Princeton University Press, 2015
Widenor, William, Henry Cabot Lodge and the Search for an American Foreign Policy, University of California Press, 1980
White, Stephen, The Origins of Detente: The Genoa Conference and Soviet-Western Relations, 1921–1922, Cambridge University Press, 2002
With reference to the period up to 1914, examine the impact of Kaiser Wilhelm II´s foreign policy on Britain, France, Russia and Austria-Hungary. (May 2017)
Vocab
Mitteleuropa
Helpful Resources
Primary - The Covenant of the League of Nations, 1924, The Avalon Project
Primary - Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928, The Avalon Project
League of Nations
Aloni, Omer, The League of Nations and the Protection of the Environment, Cambridge University Press, 2021
Baer, Geo, Test Case: Italy, Ethiopia, And The League Of Nations, Hoover Institution Press, 1976
Barros, James, The Corfu Incident of 1923: Mussolini and The League of Nations, Princeton University Press, 1965
Beck, Peter, The League of Nations and the Great Powers, 1936-1940, World Affairs , SPRING 1995, Vol. 157, No. 4, Pp 175-189
Becker, Peter; Wheatley, Natasha, Remaking Central Europe: The League of Nations and the Former Habsburg Lands, Oxford University Press, USA, 2021
Burgess, Greg, The League of Nations and the Refugees from Nazi Germany, Bloomsbury Academic, 2016
Burkman, Thomas, Japan and the League of Nations: Empire and World Order, 1914-1938, University of Hawaii Press, 2007
Callahan, Michael, The League of Nations, International Terrorism, and British Foreign Policy, 1934–1938, Springer International Publishing, 2018
Clavin, Patricia, Securing the World Economy: The Reinvention of the League of Nations, 1920-1946, Oxford University Press, 2013
Cohrs, Patrick, The First 'Real' Peace Settlements after the First World War: Britain, the United States and the Accords of London and Locarno, 1923-1925, Contemporary European History, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Feb., 2003), pp. 1-31
Cohrs, Patrick O. The Unfinished Peace After World War I: America, Britain and the Stabilisation of Europe, 1919-1932, Cambridge University Press, 2006
Dunbabin, J.P., The League of Nations' Place in the International System, History, Vol. 78, No. 254 (October 1993), pp. 421-442
Ebegbulem, Joseph, The Failure of Collective Security in the Post World Wars I and II International System, Transcience (2011) Vol. 2, Issue 2
Ellis, Charles Howard, The Origin, Structure & Working of the League of Nations, Riverside Press, 1928
Goto-Shibata, Harumi, The League of Nations and the East Asian Imperial Order, 1920–1946, Palgrave Macmillan, 2020
Henig, Ruth, League of Nations : The Makers of the Modern World, Haus Publishing, 2010.
Henig, Ruth, The Peace That Never Was: A History of the League of Nations, Haus Publishing, 2019
Housden, Martyn, The League of Nations and the Organization of Peace, Routledge, 2014
Hughes, Christopher R., Shinohara, Hatsue (eds), East Asians in the League of Nations: Actors, Empires and Regions in Early Global Politics, Palgrave Macmillan, 2023
Jackson, Simon, The Institution of International Order: From the League of Nations to the United Nations, Routledge, 2018
Knepper, Paul, International Crime in the 20th Century: The League of Nations Era, 1919-1939, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011
Macfadyen, Davies, D., M., Carr, Burley, M., J., Eric Drummond and his Legacies: The League of Nations and the Beginnings of Global Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019
McPherson, Alan, Wehrli, Yannick, Beyond Geopolitics: New Histories of Latin America at the League of Nations, University of New Mexico Press, 2015
Nish, Ian Hill, Japan's Struggle with Internationalism: Japan, China, and the League of Nations, 1931-3, Routledge, 1993
Pedersen, Susan, The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of Empire, Oxford University Press, 2015
Prusin, Alexander, "The Frontier Wars, 1918–1920" & "The Interim, 1920–1939," in The Lands Between: Conflict in the East European Borderlands, 1870-1992, Oxford Scholarship Online, 2010
Tollardo , Elisabetta, Fascist Italy and the League of Nations, 1922-1935, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016
Wempe, Sean Andrew, Revenants of the German Empire: Colonial Germans, Imperialism, and the League of Nations, Oxford University Press, USA, 2019
Winkler, Henrich, "A Fragile Peace from Versailles to the League of Nations" in The Age of Catastrophe: A History of the West 1914–1945, Yale University Press, 2015
Yearwood, Peter J., Guarantee of Peace: The League of Nations in British Policy 1914-1925, Oxford University Press, 2009
Poland
Cienciala, Anna, Poland and the Western Powers 1938-1939: A Study in the Interdependence of Eastern and Western Europe, University of Toronto Press, 1968
Wandycz, Piotr, France and Her Eastern Allies, 1919-1925: French-Czechoslovak-Polish Relations from the Paris Peace Conference to Locarno, University of Minnesota Press, 1962
Wandycz, Piotr, The Twilight of French Eastern Alliances, 1926-1936: French-Czechoslovak-Polish Relations from Locarno to the Remilitarization of the Rhineland, Princeton Univ Press, 1988
Wandycz, Piotr, Soviet Polish Relations, 1917 1921, Harvard University Press, 1969
Wandycz, Piotr, Polish diplomacy : 1914-1945 : aims and achievements, Orbis Books, 1988
Czechoslovakia
Lukes, Igor, Czechoslovakia between Stalin and Hitler: The Diplomacy of Edvard Beneš in the 1930s, Oxford University Press, 1996
Austria
Low, Alfred, Anschluss Movement, 1918-1919 and the Paris Peace Conference, Amer Philosophical Society, 1974
Scheuch, Hanno, Austria 1918-55: From the First to the Second Republic The Historical Journal, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Mar., 1989), pp. 177-199
¨Italian foreign policy was inconsistent in the period between 1922 and 1940.¨To what extent do you agree with this statement? (Nov 2017)
Vocab
Ruhr occupation
Stresemann
Fulfilment Policy
Dawes Plan
Locarno Treaty
Treaty of Berlin
Young Plan
Hague Protocol
Treaty of Rapallo
economic Locarno
Franco-German Trade Treaty
Anglo-German Naval Agreement
Four Year Plan
Hossbach Memorandum
Rhineland
Anti-Comintern Pact
Anschluss
May Crisis
Munich Conference
Plan Z
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Mare Nostrum
spazio vitale
Fiume Affair 1919-1920
Corfu Incident 1923
Pact of Rome 1924
Treaty of Triana
Pirot protocols
Locarno Pact
Ruhr Crisis
Italo-Romanian pact
Bases of Agreement’’
Helpful Resources
Primary - German-Russian Agreement; April 16, 1922 (Treaty of Rapallo), The Avalon Project
Primary - Hossbach Memorandum, BERLIN, November 10, 1937. Minutes of a Conference in the Reich Chancellery, Berlin, November 5, 1937, FROM 4:15 to 8:30 P.M. Documents on Germany Foreign Policy 1918-1945 Series D Volume 1 From Neurath to Ribbentrop (September 1937 - September 1938) Washington, United States Government Printing Office, 1949.
Primary - Ciano, Galeazzo, The Ciano Diaries 1939-1943: The Complete, Unabridged Diaries of Count Galeazzo Ciano, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1936-1943, Fonthill Media, 2015
Primary - Corvaja, Santi, Hitler & Mussolini : the Secret Meetings, Enigma Books, 2012
Primary - Sontag, Raymond James & Beddie, James Stuart (eds) NAZI-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1939-1941: Documents from the Archives of the German Foreign Office
Primary - F.j. Berber, F.J. (ed), Locarno A Collection Of Documents, William Hodge & Company Ltd, 1936
General
Kallis, Aristotle, Fascist Ideology: Territory and Expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922-1945, Routledge, 2000
Youtube - How the Hinge Years led to the Second World War, Timeline
Germany
Enssle, Manfred, Stresemann's Diplomacy Fifty Years after Locarno: Some Recent Perspectives The Historical Journal, Vol. 20, No. 4 (Dec., 1977), pp. 937-948
Fink, Carole, The Genoa Conference: European Diplomacy, 1921–1922, University of North Carolina Press, 1984
Fink, Carole, Frohn, Axel, Heideking, Jürgen, Genoa, Rapallo, and European Reconstruction in 1922, Cambridge University Press, 2015
Hiden, John, The Baltic States and Weimar Ostpolitik, 2002
Hiden, John, Republican and Fascist Germany: Themes and Variations in the History of Weimar and the Third Reich, 1918-1945, Routledge, 2020
Jacobson, Jon, Locarno Diplomacy: Germany and the West, 1925-1929, Princeton University Press, 2015
Kershaw, Ian, Hitler 1936-1945: Nemesis, Penguin Books, Limited (UK), 2001
McElligott, Anthony, Rethinking the Weimar Republic: Authority and Authoritarianism, 1916-1936, Bloomsbury Academic, 2013
Peukert, Detlev, The Weimar Republic: The Crisis of Classical Modernity, Hill and Wang, 1993
Pohl, Karl Heinrich, Gustav Stresemann: The Crossover Artist, Berghahn Books, 2019
Shore, Zachary, What Hitler Knew. The Battle for Information in Nazi Foreign Policy, Oxford University Press, 2003
Wright, Jonathan, Stresemann and Locarno, Contemporary European History, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Jul., 1995), pp. 109-131
Wright, Jonathan, Gustav Stresemann: Weimar's Greatest Statesman, Oxford University Press, USA, 2002
Youtube - Road to War - Germany
Italy
Azzi, Stephen Corrado. “The Historiography of Fascist Foreign Policy.” The Historical Journal 36, no. 1 (1993): 187–203.
Bosworth, Richard J.B., Mussolini, 2010
Bosworth, Richard J.B., Mussolini and the Eclipse of Italian Fascism: From Dictatorship to Populism, Yale University Press, 2021
Boyce, Robert, Robertson, Esmonde,(eds.) Paths to War: New Essays on the Origins of the Second World War, Macmillan Education UK, 1989
Burgwyn, James, Italian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period: 1918-1940, Praeger, 1997
Cassels, Alan, Mussolini's Early Diplomacy, Princeton University Press, 1970
Churchill, Winston S. "Sanctions Against Italy: 1935." & "Hitler Strikes: 1936" The Second World War: The Gathering Storm. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1948.
Coco, Orazio, Sino-Italian Political and Economic Relations, Routledge, 2023
Corrado Azzi, Stephen The Historiography of Fascist Foreign Policy, The Historical Journal , Mar., 1993, Vol. 36, No. 1 (Mar., 1993), pp. 187-203
Coverdale, John, Italian Intervention In The Spanish Civil War, Princeton University Press, 1975
De Felice, Renzo & Everett, Brenda, Interpretations of Fascism, Harvard University Press, 1977
Farrell, Nicholas, Mussolini: A New Life. London: Phoenix Press, 2003
Goeschel, Christian, Biography, political leadership, and foreign policy reconsidered, European Review of International Studies , Vol. 4, No. 2+3 (2017), pp. 5-19
Gooch, John, Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922-1940, Cambridge University Press, 2007
Gooch, John, Mussolini's War: Fascist Italy from Triumph to Collapse, 1935-1943, Pegasus Books, 2020
Hibbert, Christopher. Il Duce, Little, Brown & Company, Year: 1962
Kirkpatrick, Ivone, Mussolini: A Study in Power, Hawthorn Books, Inc., 1964
Knox, MacGregor, Common Destiny: Dictatorship, Foreign Policy, and War in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, Cambridge University Press, 2000
Moseley, Ray, Mussolini's Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano, Yale University Press, 2000
Moseley, Ray, Mussolini: The Last 600 Days Of Il Duce, Taylor Trade Publishing, 2004
Robertson, Esmonde, Mussolini as Empire-Builder: Europe and Africa, 1932-1936, Macmillan Education UK, 1977
Salvemini, Gaetano , Prelude to World War II, Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1954
Smith, Denis Mack , Mussolini: A Biography, Borzoi, Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1982
Strang, Bruce, (diss) "In Dubious Battle: Mussolini's Mentalite and Italian Foreign Policy, 1936-1939" McMaster University, 2000
Youtube - Road to War - Italy
¨¨The policy of appeasement was necessary because, by the mid-1930s, collective security had failed.¨ To what extent do you agree? (May 2017)
Vocab
Cannes Resolution
Genoa conference
Ruhr Crisis
London Agreements/Dawes Plan
Little Entente
Hague Protocol
Washington Naval Conference
London Naval Conference
Geneva Protocol
Locarno
Mukden Incident
1932 Ottawa Agreement
Defence Requirements Committee
World Disarmament Conference
Stresa Front
Anglo-German Naval agreement
Hoare-Laval Pact
re-militarization of the Rhineland
Appeasement
general settlement
cordon sanitaire
Kellogg Briand Pact
Maginot Line
Franco-Italian Agreement
Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance
Popular Front
Spanish Civil War
Anschluss
Bonnet
Franco-German Declaration of Friendship
Socialism in One Country
Stalin line
Treaty of Berlin
COMINTERN
Operation X
Anti-Comintern Pact
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Tripartite Pact
Helpful Resources
Primary - German occupation of the Rhineland: What should Britain do about it?The National Archives
Primary - The Munich Agreement Documents, The Avalon Project
Primary - "The British Parliamentary Debate on the Munich Agreement," From Parliamentary Debates, 5th series, vol.339 (1938), cols 30, 31-34, 39, 40, 47-52, 54, 56-58, 62-63, 150-154, 162, 360-369, 373, 548-553.
Primary - The French Yellow Book (Primary sources from France 1936-39) The Avalon Project
Primary - Nazi-Soviet Relations (Primary Sources from 1939-41) The Avalon Project
Primary - Documents on German foreign policy, 1918-1945, from the archives of the German Foreign Ministry. Series D (1937-1945). Volume IV - The aftermath of Munich October 1938-March 1939. (1951)
Primary - Wallace, William V. “New Documents on the History of Munich: A Selection from the Soviet and Czechoslovak Archives.” International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-) 35, no. 4 (1959): 447–54
Primary - Berber, F.J. (ed), Locarno A Collection Of Documents, William Hodge & Company Ltd, 1936
General
Boyce, Robert, & Joseph A. Maiolo (eds.) The Origins of World War Two: The Debate Continues, Macmillan Education UK, 2003
Boyce, Robert, The Great Interwar Crisis and the Collapse of Globalization, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009
Cienciala, Anna, Poland and the Western Powers 1938-1939: A Study in the Interdependence of Eastern and Western Europe, University of Toronto Press, 1968
Gordon A. Craig & Felix Gilbert (ed.). The Diplomats 1919-1939. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2021
Gottlieb, Julie, Hucker, Daniel; Toye, Richard (editors), The Munich Crisis, Politics and the People: International, Transnational and Comparative Perspectives, Manchester University Press, 2021
Henig, Ruth, The Origins of the Second World War 1933-1941, Routledge, 2005
Howard, Michael, A Thirty Years' War? The Two World Wars in Historical Perspective: The Prothero Lecture, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol. 3 (1993), pp. 171-184
Martel, Gordon, (ed) The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered, Routledge, 1999
Overy, Richard, The Road to War: Revised Edition, Penguin, 2000
Overy, Richard, 1939: Countdown to War, Viking, 2010
Overy, Richard, The Origins of the Second World War, Routledge;Taylor and Francis, 2014
Steiner, Zara, The Lights that Failed: European International History 1919-1933, Clarendon Press, 2005
Steiner, Zara, The Triumph of the Dark: European International History, 1933-1939, Oxford University Press, 2011
Taylor, A. J. P., The origins of the Second World War, New York : Atheneum, 1983
Wasserstein, Bernard, "Chapter 7 Spiral into War 1936–1939" in Western Civilization : A History of Europe in our Time, Oxford University Press, 2007.
Watt, Donald C., "The European Civil War", in The Fascist challenge and the policy of appeasement edited by Mommsen W. J & Kettenacker, L, London: Allen & Unwin, 1993
Watt, Donald Cameron, How War Came: The Immediate Origins of the Second World War, 1938-1939, Pantheon Books, 1990
Britain
Aster , Sidney Appeasement: Before and After Revisionism, Diplomacyand Statecraft, 2008 19:3, 443-480
Boyce, Robert, British Capitalism at the Crossroads, 1919-1932: A Study in Politics, Economics, and International Relations, Cambridge University Press, 2009
Charmley, John, "Dealing with Hitler" in Chamberlain and the lost peace, Hodder and Stoughton, 1989 pp. 105-117,224-225
Dockrill, Michael, British Establishment Perspectives on France, 1936–40, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999
Finney, Patrick, The Romance of Decline: The Historiography of Appeasement and British National Identity, Electronic Journal of International History - Article 1, 1998
Foot, Michael, Howard, Peter, Owen, Frank, Guilty Men, London, paperback ed., 1998
Gilbert, Martin, The Roots of Appeasement, Rosetta Books, 2015
Gooch, John, The Prospect of War: Studies in British Defence Policy, 1847-1942, Psychology Press
Holt, Andrew. “‘No More Hoares to Pairs’: British Foreign Policymaking and the Abyssinian Crisis, 1935.” Review of International Studies 37, no. 3 (2011): 1383–1401.
Hudson, G. F., A review of The Origins of the Second World War, by A. J. P. Taylor, FEBRUARY 1962 HISTORY
Kennedy, Paul, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, 1989
Latynski, Maya, Reappraising the Munich Pact: Continental Perspectives, (Washington, D.C., 1992),
McLoughlin, Kate. “Voices of the Munich Pact.” Critical Inquiry 34, no. 3 (2008): 543–62
Steiner, Zara, "7 British decisions for peace and war 1938–1939: the rise and fall of realism" in History and Neorealism, edited by Ernest R. May, et al., Cambridge University Press, 2010.
France
Adamthwaite, Anthony, Grandeur And Misery: France's Bid for Power in Europe, 1914-1940, Bloomsbury Academic, 1995
Adamthwaite, Anthony, France and the Coming of the Second World War, 1936-1939, Routledge, 2021
Blatt, Joel, The French Defeat Of 1940 : Reassessments, Berghahn Books, Incorporated, 1997
Boyce, Robert, French Foreign and Defence Policy, 1918-1940: The Decline and Fall of a Great Power, Routledge Studies in Modern European History, 1996
Duroselle, Jean-Baptiste, France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939, Enigma Books, 2004
Haight, John McVickar. “France, the United States, and the Munich Crisis.” The Journal of Modern History 32, no. 4 (1960): 340–58.
Hucker, Daniel, Public Opinion and the End of Appeasement in Britain and France, Routledge, 2011
May, Ernest, Strange Victory: Hitler’s Conquest of France, I.B.Tauris, 2000
Stafford, P. R. “The French Government and the Danzig Crisis: The Italian Dimension.” The International History Review 6, no. 1 (1984): 48–87.
Soviet Union
Filitov, Aleksey, The Munich Agreement: Historical Reality and Contemporary Assessments, Boris Yeltsin Presidental Library, 2022
Hiden, John & Lane, Thomas, The Baltic and the Outbreak of the Second World War, 1992
Jacobson, Jon, When the Soviet Union Entered World Politics, University of California Press, 2020
Kotkin, Stephen, Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929–1941, Penguin Press, 2017
Lukes, Igor, Czechoslovakia between Stalin and Hitler: The Diplomacy of Edvard Beneš in the 1930s, Oxford University Press, 1996
Ragsdale, Hugh, The Soviets, the Munich Crisis, and the Coming of World War II, Cambridge University Press, 2004
Roberts, Geoffrey, The Soviet Union and the Origins of the Second World War: Russo-German Relations and the Road to War, 1933–1941, Macmillan Education UK, 1995
USA
Farnham, Barbara Reardon, Roosevelt and the Munich Crisis: A Study of Political Decision-Making, Princeton University Press, 2021
Kaiser, David, No End Save Victory : How FDR Led the Nation into War, Basic Books, 2015
Examine the contribution of economic and strategic factors to the Allied victory in 1945 (May 2019)
Helpful Resources
Primary - Atlantic Charter, August 14, 1941, The Avalon Project
Primary - The Berlin (Potsdam) Conference, July 17-August 2, 1945, The Avalon Project
Primary - Documents on German foreign policy, 1918-1945, from the archives of the German Foreign Ministry. Series D (1937-1945).Volume X - The War Years June 23-August 31, 1940
Primary - Documents on German foreign policy, 1918-1945, from the archives of the German Foreign Ministry. Series D (1937-1945).Volume XIII - The War Years June 23-December 11, 1941
Primary - Chuikov, Vasili, The Battle for Stalingrad, Ballantine Books, 1964
Primary - Bialer, Seweryn, Stalin and his generals: Soviet military memoirs of World War II, Westview Press, 1984
Primary - Cornish, Nik, Stalingrad: Victory on the Volga (Images of War), Pen & Sword Military, Year: 2009
Primary - Zhukov, Georgy, Geoffrey Roberts (ed), Marshal of Victory: The Autobiography of General Georgy Zhukov, Pen and Sword, 2014
Primary - Halder, Franz, Hitler As War Lord, Putnam, 1950
Primary - Von Manstein, Erich, Lost Victories: The War Memoirs of Hitler's Most Brilliant General, Zenith Press, 1980
Primary - Adam, Wilhelm, With Paulus at Stalingrad, Pen and Sword Military, 2017
Beevor, Antony, Stalingrad, Penguin Books, 1999
Boog, Horst et al, Germany and the Second World War: Volume 4: The Attack on the Soviet Union, Clarendon Press, 1998
Churchill, Winston, "Proposed Plan and Sequence of the War." The Second World War: The Grand Alliance. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977.
Daniels, Robert, Hitler, Germany's Worst General, Military History Online, 2022
Diner, Dan, Cataclysms: A History of the Twentieth Century from Europe’s Edge, (University of Wisconsin Press, 1999)
Glantz (Col),David, Soviet Military Operational Art: In Pursuit of Deep Battle, Routledge, 1991
Glantz, David,, House, Jonathan, When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler, Univ Pr Of Kansas, 1998
Gompert, David C., Hans Binnendijk, and Bonny Lin. “Hitler’s Decision to Invade the USSR, 1941.” In Blinders, Blunders, and Wars: What America and China Can Learn, 81–92. RAND Corporation, 2014.
Gooch, John, Decisive Campaigns of the Second World War, Taylor & Francis, 1990
Hellbeck, Jochen, Stalingrad the City that Defeated the Third Reich, New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2015
Hill, Alexandre, The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, 1941-45: A Documentary Reader, Routledge, 2008
Kay, Alex, et al, (eds) Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front, 1941. Total War, Genocide and Radicalization, (Rochester, University of Rochester Press, 2012)
Kistle, Thomas William, Finland in Nazi Germany's war strategy 1939-1945, University of Montana, 1968
Liddil, Davis, “Stalingrad is Hell”: Soviet Morale and the Battle of Stalingrad, CLA Journal 4 (2016) pp. 199-217
Mawdsley, Evan, Thunder in the East: The Nazi-Soviet War 1941-1945, Bloomsbury Academic, 2016
Mawdsley, Evan, The War for the Seas: A Maritime History of World War II, Yale University Press, 2019
Merridale, Catherine. “Culture, Ideology and Combat in the Red Army, 1939-45.” Journal of Contemporary History 41, no. 2 (2006): 305–24.
Overy, Ruchard, Why the Allies Won, W.W. Norton, 1996.
Overy, Richard, War and Economy in the Third Reich, Oxford University Press, 1995
Raack, R. C. “Stalin’s Plans for World War II.” Journal of Contemporary History 26, no. 2 (1991): 215–27.
Reese, Roger, The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917-1991 (Warfare and History), Routledge, 2000
Roberts, Andrew, Leadership in War: Essential Lessons from Those Who Made History, Penguin Publishing Group, 2019
Roberts, Geoffrey, Victory at Stalingrad: The Battle That Changed History, Longman, 2003
Shepherd, Ben, Hitler’s Soldiers: The German Army in the Third Reich, Yale University Press, 2017.
Tarrant, V.E., Stalingrad: Anatomy of an Agony, Leo Cooper: London ,1992
Walsh, Stephen, Stalingrad, 1942–1943: The Infernal Cauldron, Simon & Schuster: London, 2000
Wasserstein, Bernard, "8 - Hitler Triumphant 1939–1942" in Barbarism and Civilization : A History of Europe in our Time, Oxford University Press, 2007.
Wasserstein, Bernard, "10 - End of Hitler’s Europe 1942–1945" in Barbarism and Civilization : A History of Europe in our Time, Oxford University Press, 2007.
Weinberg, Gerhard, A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II, Cambridge University Press 1994
Weiner, Amir, Making Sense of War : the Second World War and the Fate of the Bolshevik Revolution, Princeton University Press, 2001
Ziemke, Earl, Stalingrad to Berlin: The German Defeat in the East, Center of Military History United States Army, 2002
Discuss the effects of the First World War on civilian population in any one European country. (Specimen Paper)
Vocab
Ersatz
Hamstering
Food Riots
wartime bread
Living Well by Eating Little
Krupp
Pro-Suffrage Committee of Milan
USPD
Spartacus
UMI
PSI
Camere del Lavoro
Helpful Resources
USSR - more resources are present in the Topic 16: USSR
Primary - Richard Bidlack, Nikita Lomagin. The Leningrad Blockade, 1941-1944: A New Documentary History from the Soviet Archives, Yale University Press, 2012
Primary - Stalin, Josef, On the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1946
Primary - The Harvard Project on the Soviet Social System Online, Harvard Library, 2021
Berkhoff, Karel C.. Motherland in Danger : Soviet Propaganda During World War II. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2012.
Dale, Robert, “Divided We Stand: Cities, Social Unity and Post–War Reconstruction in Soviet Russia, 1945–1953.” Contemporary European History 24, no. 4 (2015): 493–516.
Edele, Mark. Review of “What Are We Fighting for?” Loyalty in the Soviet War Effort, 1941-1945, by Alexander Hill, Anna Krylova, Roger D. Markwick, Euridice Charon Cardona, Bogdan Musial, Roger R. Reese, Robert W. Thurston, and Amir Weiner. International Labor and Working-Class History, no. 84 (2013): 248–68
Filtzer, Donald, Soviet Workers and Late Stalinism: Labour and the Restoration of the Stalinist System after World War II, Cambridge University Press, 2002
Filtzer, Donald, The Hazards of Urban Life in Late Stalinist Russia: Health, Hygiene, and Living Standards, 1943-1953, Cambridge University Press, 2010
Fitzpatrick, Sheila. "War and Society in Soviet Context: Soviet Labor Before, During, and after World War II." International Labor and Working-Class History, no. 35 (1989): 37-52.
Gatrell, Peter, and Mark Harrison. "The Russian and Soviet Economies in Two World Wars: A Comparative View." The Economic History Review, New Series, 46, no. 3 (1993): 425-52.
Goldman, Wendy, Filtzer, Donald, Fortress Dark and Stern: The Soviet Home Front during World War II, Oxford University Press, 2021
Goldman, Wendy & Filtzer, Donald (eds), Hunger and War: Food Provisioning in the Soviet Union During World War II, Indiana University Press, 2015
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