Topic 15: Versailles to Berlin (1918-1945)

Helpful Resources

• Primary - Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, 8 January, 1918, The Avalon Project 

• Primary - Library of Congress, Treaty of Versailles: Primary Documents in American History

• Blatt, Joel, France and Italy at the Paris Peace Conference The International History Review, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Feb., 1986), pp. 27-40

• Boemeke Manfred F Gerald D Feldman and Gläser Elisabeth, The Treaty of Versailles : A Reassessment After 75 Years., Cambridge University Press, 1998

• Dockrill ,Michael & John Fisher, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919: Peace without Victory? Palgrave Macmillan UK, Year: 2001

• Feldman, Gerald, The Great Disorder: Politics, Economics, and Society in the German Inflation, 1914-1924, Oxford University Press, 1993

• Gelfand, Lawrence, Herbert Hoover--the Great War and its aftermath, 1914-23, University of Iowa Press, 1979

• Gerwarth, Robert, Paris Peace Treaties failed to create a secure, peaceful and lasting world order, Irish Times, 2019 

• Goldstein, Erik, The First World War Peace Settlements, 1919-1925, Routledge, 2013

• Helmreich, Paul, From Paris to Sèvres: the Partition of the Ottoman Empire at the Peace Conference of 1919-1920, Ohio State University Press, 1974

• Ikenberry, John, Knock, Thomas, Slaughter, Anne-Marie, & Smith, Tony, The Crisis of American Foreign Policy: Wilsonianism in the Twenty-first Century, 2008 

• Kennan, George, "The War to End War," published in the NewYork Times, Nov. 11, 1984,

• Keynes, John, The Economic Consequences of Peace, Harcourt, Brace and Howe, 1920

• Knock, Thomas, To End All Wars, New Edition: Woodrow Wilson And The Quest For A New World Order, Princeton University Press, 2019

• Lentin , Antony, Lloyd George and the Lost Peace: From Versailles to Hitler, 1919—1940, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001

• MacMillan, Margaret, Six months that changed the world : the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Recorded Books, 2009

• Marks, Sally. The Myths of Reparations, Central European History, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Sep., 1978), pp. 231-255

• Marks, Sally, The Illusion of Peace: International Relations in Europe 1918–1933, Macmillan Education UK, 2003

• Mayer, Arno, Policy and Diplomacy of Peacemaking: Containment and Counterrevolution at Versailles, 1918-1919, Knopf, 1968

• Reynolds, David, Did the end of the Great War come too soon? The New Statemen, 2018 

• Schmitt, Bernadotte, The Peace Treaties of 1919-1920 Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society , Feb. 15, 1960, Vol. 104, No. 1 (Feb. 15, 1960), pp. 101-110

• Sharp, Alan, The Consequences of the Peace: The Versailles Settlement: Aftermath and Legacy 1919-2015, Haus Publishing, 2015

• Smith, Leonard, Sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Oxford University Press, 2018

• Schuker, Stephen, The End of French Predominance in Europe: The Financial Crisis of 1924 and the Adoption of the Dawes Plan, University of North Carolina Press, 1976.

• Stevenson, David, The First World War and International Politics, Oxford University Press, 1988

• Stevenson, David, With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, Harvard University Press, 2011

• Tillman, Seth, Anglo-American Relations at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, Princeton University Press, 2015

• Widenor, William, Henry Cabot Lodge and the Search for an American Foreign Policy, University of California Press, 1980

• White, Stephen, The Origins of Detente: The Genoa Conference and Soviet-Western Relations, 1921–1922, Cambridge University Press, 2002 

Helpful Resources

• Primary - The Covenant of the League of Nations, 1924, The Avalon Project

• Primary - Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928, The Avalon Project

• League of Nations

  • Aloni, Omer, The League of Nations and the Protection of the Environment,  Cambridge University Press, 2021

  • Baer, Geo, Test Case: Italy, Ethiopia, And The League Of Nations, Hoover Institution Press, 1976 

  • Barros, James, The Corfu Incident of 1923: Mussolini and The League of Nations, Princeton University Press, 1965

  • Beck, Peter, The League of Nations and the Great Powers, 1936-1940, World Affairs , SPRING 1995, Vol. 157, No. 4, Pp 175-189

  • Becker, Peter; Wheatley, Natasha, Remaking Central Europe: The League of Nations and the Former Habsburg Lands, Oxford University Press, USA, 2021

  • Burgess, Greg, The League of Nations and the Refugees from Nazi Germany, Bloomsbury Academic, 2016

  • Burkman, Thomas, Japan and the League of Nations: Empire and World Order, 1914-1938, University of Hawaii Press, 2007

  • Callahan, Michael, The League of Nations, International Terrorism, and British Foreign Policy, 1934–1938, Springer International Publishing, 2018

  • Clavin, Patricia, Securing the World Economy: The Reinvention of the League of Nations, 1920-1946, Oxford University Press, 2013

  • Cohrs, Patrick, The First 'Real' Peace Settlements after the First World War: Britain, the United States and the Accords of London and Locarno, 1923-1925, Contemporary European History, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Feb., 2003), pp. 1-31

  • Cohrs, Patrick O. The Unfinished Peace After World War I: America, Britain and the Stabilisation of Europe, 1919-1932, Cambridge University Press, 2006

  • Dunbabin, J.P., The League of Nations' Place in the International System, History, Vol. 78, No. 254 (October 1993), pp. 421-442

  • Ebegbulem, Joseph, The Failure of Collective Security in the Post World Wars I and II International System, Transcience (2011) Vol. 2, Issue 2

  • Ellis, Charles Howard, The Origin, Structure & Working of the League of Nations, Riverside Press, 1928

  • Goto-Shibata, Harumi, The League of Nations and the East Asian Imperial Order, 1920–1946, Palgrave Macmillan, 2020

  • Henig, Ruth, League of Nations : The Makers of the Modern World, Haus Publishing, 2010. 

  • Henig, Ruth, The Peace That Never Was: A History of the League of Nations, Haus Publishing, 2019

  • Housden, Martyn, The League of Nations and the Organization of Peace, Routledge, 2014

  • Hughes, Christopher R., Shinohara, Hatsue (eds), East Asians in the League of Nations: Actors, Empires and Regions in Early Global Politics, Palgrave Macmillan, 2023

  • Jackson, Simon, The Institution of International Order: From the League of Nations to the United Nations, Routledge, 2018

  • Knepper, Paul, International Crime in the 20th Century: The League of Nations Era, 1919-1939, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011

  • Macfadyen, Davies, D., M., Carr, Burley, M., J., Eric Drummond and his Legacies: The League of Nations and the Beginnings of Global Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019 

  • McPherson, Alan, Wehrli, Yannick, Beyond Geopolitics: New Histories of Latin America at the League of Nations, University of New Mexico Press, 2015

  • Nish, Ian Hill, Japan's Struggle with Internationalism: Japan, China, and the League of Nations, 1931-3, Routledge, 1993

  • Pedersen, Susan, The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of Empire, Oxford University Press, 2015

  • Prusin, Alexander, "The Frontier Wars, 1918–1920" & "The Interim, 1920–1939," in The Lands Between: Conflict in the East European Borderlands, 1870-1992, Oxford Scholarship Online, 2010

  • Tollardo , Elisabetta, Fascist Italy and the League of Nations, 1922-1935, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016

  • Wempe, Sean Andrew, Revenants of the German Empire: Colonial Germans, Imperialism, and the League of Nations,  Oxford University Press, USA, 2019

  • Winkler, Henrich, "A Fragile Peace from Versailles to the League of Nations" in The Age of Catastrophe: A History of the West 1914–1945, Yale University Press, 2015

  • Yearwood, Peter J., Guarantee of Peace: The League of Nations in British Policy 1914-1925, Oxford University Press, 2009

• Poland

  • Cienciala, Anna, Poland and the Western Powers 1938-1939: A Study in the Interdependence of Eastern and Western Europe, University of Toronto Press, 1968

  • Wandycz, Piotr, France and Her Eastern Allies, 1919-1925: French-Czechoslovak-Polish Relations from the Paris Peace Conference to Locarno, University of Minnesota Press, 1962

  • Wandycz, Piotr, The Twilight of French Eastern Alliances, 1926-1936: French-Czechoslovak-Polish Relations from Locarno to the Remilitarization of the Rhineland, Princeton Univ Press, 1988

  • Wandycz, Piotr, Soviet Polish Relations, 1917 1921, Harvard University Press, 1969

  • Wandycz, Piotr, Polish diplomacy : 1914-1945 : aims and achievements, Orbis Books, 1988

• Czechoslovakia

  • Lukes, Igor, Czechoslovakia between Stalin and Hitler: The Diplomacy of Edvard Beneš in the 1930s, Oxford University Press, 1996 

• Austria

  • Low, Alfred, Anschluss Movement, 1918-1919 and the Paris Peace Conference, Amer Philosophical Society, 1974

  • Scheuch, Hanno, Austria 1918-55: From the First to the Second Republic The Historical Journal, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Mar., 1989), pp. 177-199

Helpful Resources

• Primary - German-Russian Agreement; April 16, 1922 (Treaty of Rapallo), The Avalon Project

• Primary - Hossbach Memorandum, BERLIN, November 10, 1937. Minutes of a Conference in the Reich Chancellery, Berlin, November 5, 1937, FROM 4:15 to 8:30 P.M. Documents on Germany Foreign Policy 1918-1945 Series D Volume 1 From Neurath to Ribbentrop (September 1937 - September 1938) Washington, United States Government Printing Office, 1949.

• Primary - Ciano, Galeazzo, The Ciano Diaries 1939-1943: The Complete, Unabridged Diaries of Count Galeazzo Ciano, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1936-1943, Fonthill Media, 2015

• Primary - Corvaja, Santi, Hitler & Mussolini : the Secret Meetings, Enigma Books, 2012

• Primary - Sontag, Raymond James & Beddie, James Stuart (eds) NAZI-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1939-1941: Documents from the Archives of the German Foreign Office

• Primary - F.j. Berber, F.J. (ed), Locarno A Collection Of Documents, William Hodge & Company Ltd, 1936

• General

  • Kallis, Aristotle, Fascist Ideology: Territory and Expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922-1945, Routledge, 2000

  • Youtube - How the Hinge Years led to the Second World War, Timeline

• Germany

  • Enssle, Manfred, Stresemann's Diplomacy Fifty Years after Locarno: Some Recent Perspectives The Historical Journal, Vol. 20, No. 4 (Dec., 1977), pp. 937-948 

  • Fink, Carole, The Genoa Conference: European Diplomacy, 1921–1922, University of North Carolina Press, 1984

  • Fink, Carole, Frohn, Axel, Heideking, Jürgen, Genoa, Rapallo, and European Reconstruction in 1922, Cambridge University Press, 2015

  • Hiden, John, The Baltic States and Weimar Ostpolitik, 2002

  • Hiden, John, Republican and Fascist Germany: Themes and Variations in the History of Weimar and the Third Reich, 1918-1945, Routledge, 2020

  • Jacobson, Jon, Locarno Diplomacy: Germany and the West, 1925-1929, Princeton University Press, 2015

  • Kershaw, Ian, Hitler 1936-1945: Nemesis, Penguin Books, Limited (UK), 2001

  • McElligott, Anthony, Rethinking the Weimar Republic: Authority and Authoritarianism, 1916-1936, Bloomsbury Academic, 2013

  • Peukert, Detlev, The Weimar Republic: The Crisis of Classical Modernity, Hill and Wang, 1993

  • Pohl, Karl Heinrich, Gustav Stresemann: The Crossover Artist, Berghahn Books, 2019

  • Shore, Zachary, What Hitler Knew. The Battle for Information in Nazi Foreign Policy, Oxford University Press, 2003

  • Wright, Jonathan, Stresemann and Locarno, Contemporary European History, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Jul., 1995), pp. 109-131

  • Wright, Jonathan, Gustav Stresemann: Weimar's Greatest Statesman, Oxford University Press, USA, 2002

  • Youtube - Road to War - Germany

• Italy

  • Azzi, Stephen Corrado. “The Historiography of Fascist Foreign Policy.” The Historical Journal 36, no. 1 (1993): 187–203.

  • Bosworth, Richard J.B., Mussolini, 2010

  • Bosworth, Richard J.B., Mussolini and the Eclipse of Italian Fascism: From Dictatorship to Populism, Yale University Press, 2021

  • Boyce, Robert, Robertson, Esmonde,(eds.) Paths to War: New Essays on the Origins of the Second World War, Macmillan Education UK, 1989

  • Burgwyn, James, Italian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period: 1918-1940, Praeger, 1997

  • Cassels, Alan, Mussolini's Early Diplomacy, Princeton University Press, 1970

  • Churchill, Winston S. "Sanctions Against Italy: 1935."  & "Hitler Strikes: 1936" The Second World War: The Gathering Storm. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1948. 

  • Coco, Orazio, Sino-Italian Political and Economic Relations, Routledge, 2023

  • Corrado Azzi, Stephen The Historiography of Fascist Foreign Policy, The Historical Journal , Mar., 1993, Vol. 36, No. 1 (Mar., 1993), pp. 187-203

  • Coverdale, John, Italian Intervention In The Spanish Civil War, Princeton University Press, 1975

  • De Felice, Renzo & Everett, Brenda, Interpretations of Fascism, Harvard University Press, 1977

  • Farrell, Nicholas, Mussolini: A New Life. London: Phoenix Press, 2003

  • Goeschel, Christian, Biography, political leadership, and foreign policy reconsidered, European Review of International Studies , Vol. 4, No. 2+3 (2017), pp. 5-19

  • Gooch, John, Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922-1940, Cambridge University Press, 2007

  • Gooch, John, Mussolini's War: Fascist Italy from Triumph to Collapse, 1935-1943, Pegasus Books, 2020

  • Hibbert, Christopher. Il Duce, Little, Brown & Company, Year: 1962

  • Kirkpatrick, Ivone, Mussolini: A Study in Power, Hawthorn Books, Inc., 1964 

  • Knox, MacGregor, Common Destiny: Dictatorship, Foreign Policy, and War in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, Cambridge University Press, 2000

  • Moseley, Ray, Mussolini's Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano, Yale University Press, 2000

  • Moseley, Ray, Mussolini: The Last 600 Days Of Il Duce, Taylor Trade Publishing, 2004

  • Robertson, Esmonde,  Mussolini as Empire-Builder: Europe and Africa, 1932-1936, Macmillan Education UK, 1977

  • Salvemini, Gaetano , Prelude to World War II, Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1954

  • Smith, Denis Mack , Mussolini: A Biography, Borzoi, Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1982

  • Strang, Bruce, (diss) "In Dubious Battle: Mussolini's Mentalite and Italian Foreign Policy, 1936-1939" McMaster University, 2000

  • Youtube - Road to War - Italy

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Helpful Resources

• Primary - German occupation of the Rhineland: What should Britain do about it?The National Archives

• Primary - The Munich Agreement Documents, The Avalon Project

• Primary - "The British Parliamentary Debate on the Munich Agreement," From Parliamentary Debates, 5th series, vol.339 (1938), cols 30, 31-34, 39, 40, 47-52, 54, 56-58, 62-63, 150-154, 162, 360-369, 373, 548-553.

• Primary - The French Yellow Book (Primary sources from France 1936-39) The Avalon Project

• Primary - Nazi-Soviet Relations (Primary Sources from 1939-41) The Avalon Project

• Primary - Documents on German foreign policy, 1918-1945, from the archives of the German Foreign Ministry. Series D (1937-1945). Volume IV - The aftermath of Munich October 1938-March 1939. (1951)

• Primary - Wallace, William V. “New Documents on the History of Munich: A Selection from the Soviet and Czechoslovak Archives.” International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-) 35, no. 4 (1959): 447–54

• Primary - Berber, F.J. (ed), Locarno A Collection Of Documents, William Hodge & Company Ltd, 1936

• General

  • Boyce, Robert, & Joseph A. Maiolo (eds.) The Origins of World War Two: The Debate Continues, Macmillan Education UK, 2003

  • Boyce, Robert, The Great Interwar Crisis and the Collapse of Globalization, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009

  • Cienciala, Anna, Poland and the Western Powers 1938-1939: A Study in the Interdependence of Eastern and Western Europe, University of Toronto Press, 1968

  • Gordon A. Craig & Felix Gilbert (ed.). The Diplomats 1919-1939. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2021

  • Gottlieb, Julie, Hucker, Daniel; Toye, Richard (editors), The Munich Crisis, Politics and the People: International, Transnational and Comparative Perspectives, Manchester University Press, 2021

  • Henig, Ruth, The Origins of the Second World War 1933-1941, Routledge, 2005 

  • Howard, Michael, A Thirty Years' War? The Two World Wars in Historical Perspective: The Prothero Lecture, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol. 3 (1993), pp. 171-184

  • Martel, Gordon, (ed) The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered, Routledge, 1999

  • Overy, Richard, The Road to War: Revised Edition, Penguin, 2000

  • Overy, Richard, 1939: Countdown to War, Viking, 2010

  • Overy, Richard, The Origins of the Second World War, Routledge;Taylor and Francis, 2014

  • Steiner, Zara, The Lights that Failed: European International History 1919-1933, Clarendon Press, 2005

  • Steiner, Zara, The Triumph of the Dark: European International History, 1933-1939, Oxford University Press, 2011 

  • Taylor, A. J. P., The origins of the Second World War, New York : Atheneum, 1983

  • Wasserstein, Bernard, "Chapter 7 Spiral into War 1936–1939" in Western Civilization : A History of Europe in our Time, Oxford University Press, 2007. 

  • Watt, Donald C., "The European Civil War", in The Fascist challenge and the policy of appeasement edited by Mommsen W. J & Kettenacker, L, London: Allen & Unwin, 1993

  • Watt, Donald Cameron, How War Came: The Immediate Origins of the Second World War, 1938-1939, Pantheon Books, 1990 

• Britain

  • Aster , Sidney Appeasement: Before and After Revisionism, Diplomacyand Statecraft, 2008 19:3, 443-480 

  • Boyce, Robert, British Capitalism at the Crossroads, 1919-1932: A Study in Politics, Economics, and International Relations,  Cambridge University Press, 2009

  • Charmley, John, "Dealing with Hitler" in  Chamberlain and the lost peace, Hodder and Stoughton, 1989 pp. 105-117,224-225

  • Dockrill, Michael, British Establishment Perspectives on France, 1936–40, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999

  • Finney, Patrick, The Romance of Decline: The Historiography of Appeasement and British National Identity, Electronic Journal of International History - Article 1, 1998

  • Foot, Michael, Howard, Peter, Owen, Frank, Guilty Men, London, paperback ed., 1998

  • Gilbert, Martin, The Roots of Appeasement, Rosetta Books, 2015

  • Gooch, John, The Prospect of War: Studies in British Defence Policy, 1847-1942, Psychology Press

  • Holt, Andrew. “‘No More Hoares to Pairs’: British Foreign Policymaking and the Abyssinian Crisis, 1935.” Review of International Studies 37, no. 3 (2011): 1383–1401. 

  • Hudson, G. F., A review of The Origins of the Second World War, by A. J. P. Taylor, FEBRUARY 1962 HISTORY

  • Kennedy, Paul, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, 1989

  • Latynski, Maya, Reappraising the Munich Pact: Continental Perspectives, (Washington, D.C., 1992),

  • McLoughlin, Kate. “Voices of the Munich Pact.” Critical Inquiry 34, no. 3 (2008): 543–62

  • Steiner, Zara, "7 British decisions for peace and war 1938–1939: the rise and fall of realism" in History and Neorealism, edited by Ernest R. May, et al., Cambridge University Press, 2010.

• France

  • Adamthwaite, Anthony, Grandeur And Misery: France's Bid for Power in Europe, 1914-1940, Bloomsbury Academic, 1995

  • Adamthwaite, Anthony, France and the Coming of the Second World War, 1936-1939, Routledge, 2021

  • Blatt, Joel, The French Defeat Of 1940 : Reassessments, Berghahn Books, Incorporated, 1997

  • Boyce, Robert, French Foreign and Defence Policy, 1918-1940: The Decline and Fall of a Great Power, Routledge Studies in Modern European History, 1996

  • Duroselle, Jean-Baptiste, France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939, Enigma Books, 2004

  • Haight, John McVickar. “France, the United States, and the Munich Crisis.” The Journal of Modern History 32, no. 4 (1960): 340–58.

  • Hucker, Daniel, Public Opinion and the End of Appeasement in Britain and France, Routledge, 2011

  • May, Ernest, Strange Victory: Hitler’s Conquest of France, I.B.Tauris, 2000

  • Stafford, P. R. “The French Government and the Danzig Crisis: The Italian Dimension.” The International History Review 6, no. 1 (1984): 48–87. 

• Soviet Union

  • Filitov, Aleksey, The Munich Agreement: Historical Reality and Contemporary Assessments, Boris Yeltsin Presidental Library, 2022

  • Hiden, John & Lane, Thomas, The Baltic and the Outbreak of the Second World War, 1992

  • Jacobson, Jon, When the Soviet Union Entered World Politics, University of California Press, 2020

  • Kotkin, Stephen, Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929–1941, Penguin Press, 2017

  • Lukes, Igor, Czechoslovakia between Stalin and Hitler: The Diplomacy of Edvard Beneš in the 1930s, Oxford University Press, 1996 

  • Ragsdale, Hugh, The Soviets, the Munich Crisis, and the Coming of World War II, Cambridge University Press, 2004 

  • Roberts, Geoffrey, The Soviet Union and the Origins of the Second World War: Russo-German Relations and the Road to War, 1933–1941,  Macmillan Education UK, 1995

• USA

  • Farnham, Barbara Reardon, Roosevelt and the Munich Crisis: A Study of Political Decision-Making, Princeton University Press, 2021

  • Kaiser, David, No End Save Victory : How FDR Led the Nation into War, Basic Books, 2015

  • 
    

Helpful Resources

• Primary - Atlantic Charter, August 14, 1941, The Avalon Project

• Primary - The Berlin (Potsdam) Conference, July 17-August 2, 1945, The Avalon Project

• Primary - Documents on German foreign policy, 1918-1945, from the archives of the German Foreign Ministry. Series D (1937-1945).Volume X - The War Years June 23-August 31, 1940

• Primary - Documents on German foreign policy, 1918-1945, from the archives of the German Foreign Ministry. Series D (1937-1945).Volume XIII - The War Years June 23-December 11, 1941

• Primary - Chuikov, Vasili, The Battle for Stalingrad, Ballantine Books, 1964

• Primary - Bialer, Seweryn, Stalin and his generals: Soviet military memoirs of World War II, Westview Press, 1984

• Primary - Cornish, Nik, Stalingrad: Victory on the Volga (Images of War), Pen & Sword Military, Year: 2009

• Primary - Zhukov, Georgy, Geoffrey Roberts (ed), Marshal of Victory: The Autobiography of General Georgy Zhukov, Pen and Sword, 2014

• Primary - Halder, Franz, Hitler As War Lord, Putnam, 1950

• Primary - Von Manstein, Erich, Lost Victories: The War Memoirs of Hitler's Most Brilliant General, Zenith Press, 1980

• Primary - Adam, Wilhelm, With Paulus at Stalingrad, Pen and Sword Military, 2017

• Beevor, Antony, Stalingrad,  Penguin Books, 1999

• Boog, Horst et al, Germany and the Second World War: Volume 4: The Attack on the Soviet Union, Clarendon Press, 1998

• Churchill, Winston, "Proposed Plan and Sequence of the War." The Second World War: The Grand Alliance. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977.

• Daniels, Robert, Hitler, Germany's Worst General, Military History Online, 2022

• Diner, Dan, Cataclysms: A History of the Twentieth Century from Europe’s Edge, (University of Wisconsin Press, 1999)

• Glantz (Col),David, Soviet Military Operational Art: In Pursuit of Deep Battle, Routledge, 1991

• Glantz, David,, House, Jonathan, When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler, Univ Pr Of Kansas, 1998

• Gompert, David C., Hans Binnendijk, and Bonny Lin. “Hitler’s Decision to Invade the USSR, 1941.” In Blinders, Blunders, and Wars: What America and China Can Learn, 81–92. RAND Corporation, 2014.

• Gooch, John, Decisive Campaigns of the Second World War, Taylor & Francis, 1990

• Hellbeck, Jochen, Stalingrad the City that Defeated the Third Reich, New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2015

• Hill, Alexandre, The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, 1941-45: A Documentary Reader, Routledge, 2008

• Kay, Alex, et al, (eds) Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front, 1941. Total War, Genocide and Radicalization, (Rochester, University of Rochester Press, 2012)

• Kistle, Thomas William, Finland in Nazi Germany's war strategy 1939-1945, University of Montana, 1968

• Liddil, Davis, “Stalingrad is Hell”: Soviet Morale and the Battle of Stalingrad, CLA Journal 4 (2016) pp. 199-217

• Mawdsley, Evan, Thunder in the East: The Nazi-Soviet War 1941-1945, Bloomsbury Academic, 2016

• Mawdsley, Evan, The War for the Seas: A Maritime History of World War II, Yale University Press, 2019

• Merridale, Catherine. “Culture, Ideology and Combat in the Red Army, 1939-45.” Journal of Contemporary History 41, no. 2 (2006): 305–24.

• Overy, Ruchard, Why the Allies Won, W.W. Norton, 1996.

• Overy, Richard, War and Economy in the Third Reich, Oxford University Press, 1995

• Raack, R. C. “Stalin’s Plans for World War II.” Journal of Contemporary History 26, no. 2 (1991): 215–27.

• Reese, Roger, The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917-1991 (Warfare and History), Routledge, 2000

• Roberts, Andrew, Leadership in War: Essential Lessons from Those Who Made History, Penguin Publishing Group, 2019

• Roberts, Geoffrey, Victory at Stalingrad: The Battle That Changed History, Longman, 2003

• Shepherd, Ben, Hitler’s Soldiers: The German Army in the Third Reich, Yale University Press, 2017.

• Tarrant, V.E., Stalingrad: Anatomy of an Agony, Leo Cooper: London ,1992

• Walsh, Stephen, Stalingrad, 1942–1943: The Infernal Cauldron, Simon & Schuster: London, 2000

• Wasserstein, Bernard, "8 - Hitler Triumphant 1939–1942" in Barbarism and Civilization : A History of Europe in our Time, Oxford University Press, 2007.

• Wasserstein, Bernard, "10 - End of Hitler’s Europe 1942–1945" in Barbarism and Civilization : A History of Europe in our Time, Oxford University Press, 2007.

• Weinberg, Gerhard, A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II, Cambridge University Press 1994

• Weiner, Amir, Making Sense of War : the Second World War and the Fate of the Bolshevik Revolution, Princeton University Press, 2001

• Ziemke, Earl, Stalingrad to Berlin: The German Defeat in the East, Center of Military History United States Army, 2002

Helpful Resources

• USSR - more resources are present in the Topic 16: USSR

  • Primary - Richard Bidlack, Nikita Lomagin. The Leningrad Blockade, 1941-1944: A New Documentary History from the Soviet Archives, Yale University Press, 2012

  • Primary - Stalin, Josef, On the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1946

  • Primary - The Harvard Project on the Soviet Social System Online, Harvard Library, 2021

  • Berkhoff, Karel C.. Motherland in Danger : Soviet Propaganda During World War II. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2012.

  • Dale, Robert, “Divided We Stand: Cities, Social Unity and Post–War Reconstruction in Soviet Russia, 1945–1953.” Contemporary European History 24, no. 4 (2015): 493–516.

  • Edele, Mark. Review of “What Are We Fighting for?” Loyalty in the Soviet War Effort, 1941-1945, by Alexander Hill, Anna Krylova, Roger D. Markwick, Euridice Charon Cardona, Bogdan Musial, Roger R. Reese, Robert W. Thurston, and Amir Weiner. International Labor and Working-Class History, no. 84 (2013): 248–68

  • Filtzer, Donald, Soviet Workers and Late Stalinism: Labour and the Restoration of the Stalinist System after World War II, Cambridge University Press, 2002

  • Filtzer, Donald, The Hazards of Urban Life in Late Stalinist Russia: Health, Hygiene, and Living Standards, 1943-1953, Cambridge University Press, 2010

  • Fitzpatrick, Sheila. "War and Society in Soviet Context: Soviet Labor Before, During, and after World War II." International Labor and Working-Class History, no. 35 (1989): 37-52. 

  • Gatrell, Peter, and Mark Harrison. "The Russian and Soviet Economies in Two World Wars: A Comparative View." The Economic History Review, New Series, 46, no. 3 (1993): 425-52. 

  • Goldman, Wendy, Filtzer, Donald, Fortress Dark and Stern: The Soviet Home Front during World War II, Oxford University Press, 2021

  • Goldman, Wendy & Filtzer, Donald (eds), Hunger and War: Food Provisioning in the Soviet Union During World War II,  Indiana University Press, 2015

  • Gorlizki, Yoram, Oleg Khlevniuk, Cold Peace: Stalin and the Soviet Ruling Circle, 1945-1953. Oxford University Press, 2004

  • Johnston, Timothy, Being Soviet: Identity, Rumour, and Everyday Life under Stalin, 1939-53 (Oxford Historical Monographs) Oxford University Press, 2011

  • Kenez, Peter, A History of the Soviet Union from the Beginning to the End (1999), Chapter 5, 'High Stalinism', pp. 103-131

  • Kuromiya, Hiroaki. "Stalin and His Era." The Historical Journal 50, no. 3 (2007): 711-24. 

  • Lee, Stephen J. ¨Chapter 6 The Soviet Union at War; Chapter 7 Stalin´s Post-war Regime¨ in Stalin and the Soviet Union London : Routledge, 1999.

  • Manley, Rebecca. “The Perils of Displacement: The Soviet Evacuee between Refugee and Deportee.” Contemporary European History 16, no. 4 (2007): 495–509.

  • Markwick, Roger & Cardona, Euridice Charon, Soviet Women on the Frontline in the Second World War,  Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

  • Millar, James R. "Financing the Soviet Effort in World War II." Soviet Studies 32, no. 1 (1980): 106-23. 

  • Overy, Richard, Russia's War, Penguin (Non-Classics), 1998.

  • Pleshakov, Constantine,, Stalin’s Folly: The Tragic First Ten Days of WWII on the Eastern Front, Mariner Books, 2006

  • Roberts, Geoffrey. Stalin's Wars : From World War to Cold War, 1939-1953. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007.

• Germnay

  • Biddle, Tami Davis, Sifting Dresden's Ashes, The Wilson Quarterly (1976-) , Spring, 2005, Vol. 29, No. 2 (Spring, 2005), pp. 60-80

  • Bitesize, Life in Germany during World War Two, 

  • Blatman, Daniel, The Death Marches: The Final Phase of Nazi Genocide, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2010

  • Boyes, Roger and Horsley, William, "The Germans as Victims: A British View" The World Today , Jun., 1995, Vol. 51, No. 6 (Jun., 1995), pp. 110-114

  • Childers, Thomas, "Facilis descensus averni est": The Allied Bombing of Germany and the Issue of German Suffering," Central European History , 2005, Vol. 38, No. 1 (2005), pp. 75-105

  • Evans, Richard, The Third Reich at War, Penguin Press HC, 2009

  • Hagemann, Karen, & Schuler-Springorum, Stefanie, Home Front: The Military, War and Gender in Twentieth-Century Germany, Berg, 2002 

  • Hirschfeld, Gerhard, Germany, in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2017-07-17

  • Kallis, Aristotle, Nazi Propaganda and the Second World War, 2006

  • Manzo, Louis, "Morality in War Fighting and Strategic Bombing in World War II," Air Power History , Fall 1992, Vol. 39, No. 3 (Fall 1992), pp. 35-50

  • Pine, Lisa, Life and Times in Nazi Germany, Bloomsbury, 2016

  • Schreiter, Katrin. “Revisiting Morale under the Bombs: The Gender of Affect in Darmstadt, 1942–1945.” Central European History 50, no. 3 (2017): 347–74.

  • Stibbe, Matthew, Women's Mobilisation for War (Germany) , in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2014-10-08

  • Torre, Julia, "For their own good" : civilian evacuations in Germany and France, 1939-1945, Berghahn Books, 2010

  • Vaizey, Hester. “Parents and Children in Second World War Germany: An Inter-Generational Perspective on Wartime Separation.” Journal of Contemporary History 46, no. 2 (2011)